|
Sl. No. |
Name of the Diseases |
First Dose |
Subsequent Dose |
|
1. |
Foot & Mouth Disease |
3 Months of age |
Every 6 months intervals |
|
2. |
Haemorrhagic Septicaemia |
3 Months of age |
Every 6 months intervals |
|
3. |
Black Quarter |
3 Months of age |
Every 6 months intervals |
|
4. |
Anthrax |
6 Months of age |
Every 1 year intervals |
|
5. |
Swine Fever |
2 Months of age |
6 months interval and next once in a year |
|
6. |
Ranikhet Disease (F- Strain) |
5 – 7 days of age |
Once in life |
|
7. |
Ranikhet Disease (R2B- Strain) |
42 – 56 days of age |
Repeat in every year |
|
8. |
IBD (Gumboro) Intermediate |
14 days of age |
28 days of age |
|
9. |
Duck Plague |
14 days of age |
10th Week then 24th
Week then repeat every 6 Months |
|
10. |
Duck Cholera |
14 -21 days |
At 6 Months, then repeat after 6 Months. |
Major Diseases of Animals due to Bacterial and Viral Origin:
1. Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS):
Hosts: - Cattle, Buffalo, Pigs, Sheep and Goats.
Symptoms: Sudden Fever (1060- 1070F), profuse salivation, hot painful swelling above the throat, dewlap, brisket or perineum, severe respiratory distress (dyspnoea), depression, bloat and death within 24-48 hrs if not treated immediately.
2. Black Quarter (BQ) :
Hosts:- Cattle and Buffalo (rarely in other animals).
Symptoms: Mainly young animals are affected. Marked Lameness, pronounced swelling on upper parts of the limbs having good musculature, high fever, edema and emphysema of the muscles resulting in crepitating sound on pressure, skin necrosis and gangrene may be noticed. If not treated, death occurs within 12 to 36 hrs after the appearance of signs.
3. Anthrax:
Hosts:- All ruminants, horse, swine.
Symptoms: High fever, muscle tremors, dyspnoea, diarrhoea or dysentery followed by death within a day or two. In some cases sudden death occurs without symptoms within 1-2 hrs. After death, discharge of blood occurs from natural orifices.
4. Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD):
Hosts:- All Cloven footed animals.
Symptoms: Fall in milk yield, high fever accompanied by anorexia followed by the appearance of hot painful stomatitis. Abundant salivation in long ropy string observed with smacking of lips. Blister like vesicles appear on buccal mucosa, dental pad and lips with the ulcerative lesions on the feet particularly in the clefts and on the coronet.
Major Diseases of Poultry and Ducks:
1. Ranikhet Disease:
Hosts: - Poultry.
Symptoms: Dull, Febrile and stand huddled with ruffled feathers, dropping of one or both wings followed by in coordination. Lying down with greenish white diarrhoea, abnormal respiratory sounds and star gazing syndrome with fall over on their back and die within few minutes.
2. Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD):
Hosts: - Poultry.
Symptoms: Birds between 3-8 weeks age are most susceptible. Adult birds do not suffer. Sudden onset with whitish watery diarrhoea, anorexia and prostration are the signs noted. Disease runs for 7- 8 days and mortality decline. In average, 30% mortality occurs in the flock.
3. Coccidiasis:
A disease caused by protozoa affecting many species of animals and birds.
Coccidiasis is a common protozoan disease in domestic birds and other fowl, characterized by enteritis and red or brown colored diarrhoea. The intestinal tract is affected, with ruffled feathers; anaemia, reduced head size and dizziness are observed. Death occurs rapidly.
4. Duck Plague:
Ducks are the primary host.
Symptoms: A sudden and persistent increase in flock mortality involving both young and adult birds is often the first observation. Primarily greenish diarrhoea leading to dehydration, anorexia, weakness, a typical drooped wing appearance with neurological signs is observed. Lacrimation, watery ocular discharge and photophobia are also noticed. These signs are often accompanied by a drop in egg production and a ruffled appearance.
Major Diseases in Pig & Goats:
1. Swine Fever (SF):
Hosts: - Pigs.
Symptoms: Infected piglets / young pigs die at earliest. Affected adult pigs are depressed with high fever, do not eat, stand in a drooped attitude with tail hanging; tend to lie down and burrow in the bedding, often piled one on top of the other. Constipation followed by diarrhoea and vomiting are earlier signs. Purplish discoloration on the abdominal skin, nervous signs like circling, inco-ordination in movement and conjunctivitis are common signs. Mortality may go upto 80% in the population.
2. Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR):
Host: PPR is a severe, fast-spreading disease of mainly domestic small ruminants. Clinical disease is seen in sheep and goats.
Symptoms: Affected animals show sudden onset of fever, markedly depressed and appear sleepy. It is characterized by the sudden onset of depression, fever, discharges from the eyes and nose, sores in the mouth, disturbed breathing and cough, foul-smelling diarrhoea and death. Grayish areas appear on the gums, dental pad, palate, lips, inner aspects of the cheeks and upper surface of the tongue. Discharge from the eyes, nose and mouth, later becoming thick and yellow tend to dry, causing matting together of the eyelids, obstruction of the nose and difficulty in breathing. The faeces are initially soft and then watery, foul-smelling and may contain blood streaks and pieces of dead gut tissue. Death often follows within seven to ten days from onset of the clinical reaction.
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